Sunday, May 17, 2020

The Effects of Family Dynamics on Morality Embedded in Society - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1625 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/02/15 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Family Essay Did you like this example? In the development of morals in adolescents, no external influence is greater than that of their household environment. Through repremansion, reinforcement and both direct and indirect teaching, families instill morals in children, and help them to develop beliefs that reflect the values of their culture (education.gov). In todays culture, racism is such a common encounter, preparing ones child on how to react in these situations seems as just another average conversation. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Effects of Family Dynamics on Morality Embedded in Society" essay for you Create order Through parental tactics both politically and ethically of inclusivity, education and awareness while being executed by the parent themselves would help marshall a favorable and more positive American society. One example is demonstrated in â€Å"Notes of a Native Son† in which a youthful nine year old boy named James Baldwin had a young caucasian teacher who â€Å"took an interest† in him and proposed a trip to the local theater to watch plays. Baldwin’s father was greatly apprehensive and only agreed with great reluctance of the arrangement. Although the teacher maintained a supportive manner toward Baldwin and the family, Baldwin’s father found her distrustful, and later advised his son to stay away from white people as much as possible. This passage contains a perfect example of the way in which racism can cause people to develop a self-destructive relationship to the world. The specialized interest of the white teacher is a beneficial opportunity for the young Baldwin to advance yet his father is so distrustful of white people that he cannot conceptualize the situation as anything other than a threat. This situation is very common; kids inheriting their own parents biases in an act of respecting them and not rebelling against their parents word. However, as a society as a whole, this causes unnecessary racial tension made up through the minds of previous generations. In order to marshall a good society, we must evolve our own morals and teachings through generations ahead to enact universal acceptance. As parents, this topic may be taboo but not talking about race with your kids can result in surprisingly problematic views about race. While there are an abundance of reasons, one of the most compelling has been rec ent work showing that children often construct their own (sometimes worrying) conclusions about race and if they assume discussing this topic is too susceptible to disapproval, then these theories do not get checked. Another wide barring issue is represented in Brent Staples’ Just Walk on By: Black Men and Public Space, Staples depicts the stereotypes, controversies, and judgments he faces being a black man in public vaccinities. Staples introduces his perspective by revealing how the behaviors observed around him are because of the fear linked to his labelled stereotypes of being criminals, gangsters and assaulters. Staples effectively begins by not only confessing the probable flaws in his practiced race but also by considering the opposing side, those who fear them. Black males being susceptible to more violence due to the environment of their upbringing are assumed to be more likely to commit crime and cause harm towards women but Staples questions why that issue alters the outlook of everyday face to face contact. Staples admits, women are particularly vulnerable to street violence, and young black males are drastically overrepresented among the perpetrators of that violence, (Staples 384). In this instance, it highlights the blurred lines between racial awareness and racial judgment. In it is preamble to distinguish the two. Having racial awareness entails being aware of ones own race/ethnicity, as well as others identities and some of the intricate psychological, economic, and cultural issues, differences and similarities among the races. Racial judgment on the other hand would entail holding onto one incident and holding it over a whole racial groups head. To combat this, distinguishing the two at a young age could be significant in growing into a more socially acceptable adult. It is shown that during elementary school, African Americans experience institutional and individual racism. In one periodic study ninety-two percent of black children aged ten or younger, experienced racial discrimination (The Defining Moment). These encounters induced mental and physical damage and increase aggression and delinquency. Now its not always sufficient that we teach children respect for people of other races and abilities. We simply need to also preserve their trust in themselves and others, and their congenital sense of justice. If a child senses security and safety, he will react with exasperation toward racism, whether it’s aimed at him or at someone else. He will know that the racist attitude he has witnessed is wrong, and won’t adopt it as his own. For parents, this starts by word influence. As suggested by Hand in Hand, not having the child compare others, and judgments like â€Å"bad,† â€Å"good,† â€Å"better,† and â€Å"best† to classify him or other people. This suggests, for instance, â€Å"that when asked why some people are sent to jail, a parent would explain that those people have done something seriously hurtful to someone else, not that those are bad people† (Wipfler 1). What causes children vulnerable to racism is to treat children like we are superior, have more knowledge, significance, and our opinions have more validity than their feelings. Instead, we need to guide them with respect for their intelligence, whether they are acting intelligently at the moment or not. In contrast, some might claim that as we grow older and form our own opinions, our formed judgments may not go hand in hand without our parents or how we were raised. Racism appears to be a little more common among older generations. This by no means, excuses racist behavior. However, most children who are born into racial biases stick with them because thats all they know. Most particularly, the Ku Klux Klan. The first generation of klansman flourished in 1865 with acts of physical assault and murder against groups or individuals whom they opposed. Now in present day, the third generation holds power (Wikipedia). With shows featured on AE such as â€Å"Generation KKK†, it exhibits the discrimination implemented in their childrens heads by ostracizing them from the outside world, having them live in their own community holding onto their own prejudices. This can be connected to a common family as well; parents refusing to let their children hangout with others for their own d iscriminatory reasons causes the child to lack diverse interactions. Thus, when adulthood arises they will avoid these foreign interactions at any cost, representing an unconscious underlying racist act. Furthermore, a study done in the Journal of Politics incorporated three generations of Americans in order to reevaluate the political socialization within the family and its results on their character. â€Å"Youth coming of age in the 1990s strongly parallel those based on youth socialized in the 1960s† (Jennings 1). This signified the impact of parental influence. Children are more likely to adopt their parents’ political standings if the family is highly politicized and if the parents present consistent acts over time. Teenagers are notorious for rebellion, but in the topic of politics, their standpoints are strongly affected by what their parents opinions are. Even prior to reaching the legal voting age, adolescents stemming from a democratic household tend to stay to the left, likewise in Republican households they tend to grow up and stay further right. With that, asserting the freedom of forming their own opinions but keeping awareness of the world around them would significantly benefit the push for social changes when their generations become the primary voters. These benefits can be seen today; in the 2018 midterm elections. My generation of millennials proved as a new enthusiastic subgroup representing forty percent of the votings casted (Fortune). I believe this drive and interest from young voters arose from being exposed to newly accepted ideas such as gender fluidity and wanting to overpower the ignorance of the closed minded older generations. As the â€Å"baby-boomer† generation of voters declines, experts predict millennials to evolve into the largest and most powerful group athouritating future elections in the U.S. Keeping in mind that all have the right to vote, not all will. Meaning that if young people are not educated on the significance of getting to directly influence issues that might affect their lives for years to come, including college tuition reform and federal job programs, it will more likely not fall in their favor. Thus, as a parents, reminding your child that their diversity is their strongest tool is essential so that when it is their time to call for change, they value their one vote for it can be the difference between a more welcoming or continuously oppressed society. Millennials primary goal of representing a diverse population through a more inclusive agenda, and pushing those advocacies through the federal government with the help of future voters would essentially marshall a more positive and inclusive American society. In conclusion, although families contributions to childrens moral development is broad, there are particular ways in which morals are most effectively conveyed and learned. Moral education is vital to help raise a virtuous, responsible, and compassionate member of society; as well as becoming informed and reflective about important and controversial moral issues. In accordance, families should be encouraged to live in ways that are consistent with their beliefs because the act of telling is ineffective if its not being played out. All purpose as tools to enable one to become a component of marshalled good in society. Works Cited â€Å"Are Kids Racist?† Psychology Today, Sussex Publishers, www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/developing-minds/201304/are-kids-racist. Cohen, Samuel S. 50 Essays: a Portable Anthology. Bedford/St. Martins, 2017 Dulin-Keita, Akilah et al. â€Å"The Defining Moment: Childrens Conceptualization of Race and Experiences with Racial Discrimination† Ethnic and racial studies vol. 34,4 (2011): 662-682. â€Å"The Journal of Politics.† American Journal of Education, www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1017/S0022381609090719.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Declaration Of Independence By Thomas Jefferson Essay

In the Declaration of Independence (US 1776), Thomas Jefferson introduces a statement accepted by the Second Continental Congress to declare the causes that compel the thirteen colonies to separate themselves from the British Crown and form their own individual states. This revolutionary document is organized into six sections. The Declaration of Independence (US 1776) opens with an introduction, declaring the reasons the American colonies want to leave the British Crown. They also state that their independence is absolutely necessary and unavoidable. The second section includes the preamble which provides the reasons for writing the Declaration of Independence (US 1776). Also included in this section is the colonist’s beliefs about government and John Locke’s theory on natural rights and social contract. In the third section, 29 grievances are listed against England and King George III. These complaints include taxation without representation, forcing the colonists to keep British soldiers in their homes, restricting the colonist’s trade, shutting down colonial legislatures and their attempts to seek redress from the king for their problems. The fourth section is stating the colonist’s efforts to appeal various decisions made by King George III and how their requests were met in vain. The fifth section is a formal declaration stating that the colonies are now â€Å"Free and Independent States† ( ¶ 6). The colonies state they will rule themselves and discontinue their loyalty toShow MoreRelatedThomas Jefferson And The Declaration Of Independence1199 Words   |  5 PagesI Introduction Thomas Jefferson, who was the third president of the United States, was born in Virginia to a wealthy family. Jefferson began writing the first draft of â€Å"The Declaration of Independence† in 1776. The draft was completed and approved by Congress on July 4th, 1776. Jefferson attended the College of William and Mary and in 1767 was admitted to the Virginia bar. Two years later he was elected to the Virginia House of Burgesses, where he represented Virginia at the Continental CongressRead MoreThomas Jefferson And The Declaration Of Independence1560 Words   |  7 Pagesso, as Thomas Jefferson’s actions clearly characterize his individual self, while also inducing the question, Does Thomas Jefferson deserve the honor he possesses, through these eminent actions? Many people believe that Thomas Jefferson is a powerful individual who helped form our country, and was a great leader through his presidential career. He made the best out of difficult situations, when he knew the complete situation had to remain unsolved, and he wrote the Declaration of Independence for theRead MoreThomas Jefferson And The Declaration Of Independence1360 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Jefferson was a man who was born on April 13, 1743, he the third president of United States, author of the Declaration of Independence, a lawyer gentlemen farmer, he also was the father of the University of Virginia. Jefferson’s influences on government was to end federal government, to allow the Sedition and Alien Act to put an end to it, to end the taxes, and after ending taxes to release prisoners held by this act. Thomas brought a studied informality to the presidency. He used revenuesRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence By Thomas Jefferson1113 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States Constitution, Declaration of Independence share many similarities and probably the same amount of differences. The Unites States Constitution was written on 17 September 1787 and the Declaration o f Independence was written on 4 July 1776, the dates hold no significance at that time, but the Declaration was written first. This shows that out of the three the Declaration of Independence was written first, and with that being said was most important. Usually documents written and signedRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence By Thomas Jefferson1455 Words   |  6 PagesThe Declaration of Independence is viewed by just about every patriotic American citizen as one of the most ideologically appropriate documents encapsulating the beliefs for which the United States of America stands. Written in 1776, it encompasses the themes of freedom for every man in the world, a concept and belief that is still the central idea and goal in this country well over 200 years later. Much credit is due to those who authored such an inspirational and monumental document. The most famousRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence By Thomas Jefferson1463 Words   |  6 Pagesthat the Declaration of I ndependence was written by Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson was actually part of a five member committee appointed by the Continental Congress to write the document, but he is the main writer of the document. The other members were Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Robert Livingston, and Roger Sherman (Surfnetkids n.p.). Jefferson was born into a prominent family and had a very educational background. Jefferson’s reasons for his contributions to the Declaration of Independence wereRead MoreThomas Jefferson And The Declaration Of Independence1125 Words   |  5 PagesThomas Jefferson attended law together school together with George Wythe. Notably, Wythe was a legislator when Thomas Jefferson drafted the new law of Virginia. Also, he wrote the Declaration of Independence document during the revolution. Essentially, he was of the opinion that the battle could be won, and when this happens, the young country would require a new law to govern the people. Therefore, he took the initiati ve of developing the law, getting it enacted during the revolution. In this periodRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence By Thomas Jefferson884 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Jefferson, in his well-known Declaration of Independence, conveys his message through belletristic devices. He employs imagery, language, diction, and syntax in an organized and straightforward manner, which gets the audience intrigued. Jefferson’s tone is formal and adamant and his purpose is to convince the colonist that loyalty to Britain is futile, and that help from other nations is needed. Jefferson, in The Declaration of Independence furthers his purpose by adequately employing ethosRead MoreThomas Jefferson And The Declaration Of Independence1600 Words   |  7 Pages Thomas Jefferson was one of the main authors of the Declaration of Independence and believed in equality for all individuals. Believing in even rights for slaves, he fought peacefully for the good of his nation. Helping to expan d our Naval Artillery, and wagering different options for the good of America. Thomas Jefferson, the third president of America, was one of the most influential men in our history Thomas Jefferson lived in Shadwell, Virginia, and was born on April 13, 1743. One of his mostRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence By Thomas Jefferson1193 Words   |  5 Pagesof words, diction, and syntax had the ability to transform a country. Thomas Jefferson, the author of â€Å"The Declaration of Independence†, clearly and precisely uses specific language to get his argument across. The thirteen colonies are in dire need of independence and Jefferson wrote according to the needs of the New England culture. Because of the evidence, warrant, and language Jefferson uses in â€Å"The Declaration of Independence†, he is able to clearly and effectively argue against the British monarchy

Communication Issues By The ACMA Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Communication Issues By The ACMA. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this task is to provide an overview regarding the communication issues faced by the ACMA in their business process. ACMA is a travel call Centre and internet based organization which holds their actions in both domestic and international market. The Call Centre has around 300 members working with them and they are expecting to grow with a group of 400 members until next year. But the growth of the organization is barred by the inefficiency of the management to solve the staff issues caused by lack of communication. Communication is one of the most effective tools which help the organization to grow and competence in the target market. Communication helps the internal process of the organization to work more effectively if employees will communicate properly then most of the staff issues will resolve itself (Hage, and Posner 2015). Apart from that communication helps in increasing the satisfaction level of employees due to which they are insisted to work better. These a re some of the aid which the organization receives when the management initiates efficient communication in the organizational culture. It is the duty of the manager to implement activities in the organization which can initiate good flow of work with adequate communication in the organization (Kouzes, and Posner 2014). The below-mentioned task provides framework of communication in ACMA and recommendation to line the line manager for introducing good communication in the process. Further details about the task are discussed below. Framework of Communication Effective communication is a significant tool which helps the managers to perform their basic functions efficiently. The job and responsibilities are adequately fulfilled with the help of communication. Communication acts as a foundation for the planning process in the organization. Communication plays a key role in the success of any workplace. Healthy workplace is an organization in which the employees effectively communicate with each other and with the managers as well (Osborne, and Hammoud 2017). Further, there are two types of communication process initiated in the organization which is discussed below: Bottom-up communication: this communication is initiated from employees to management to provide information about the needs and requirements of employees in the workplace. This process helps the managers to look at the needs of the employees in the organization ant the act accordingly. By initiating this process the management will tailor their policies and implement them according to the values of the employees of the organization (Champoux 2003). Top-down communication: this type of communication is initiated from management to the employees of the organization. This type of communication increases the efficiency of the employees of the organization by making them aware regarding different programs of the organization. Further, it shall be noted that in the organization ACMA both types of communication process are important as bottom to top will help the manager to understand the needs of the employees in the organization and top to bottom will help the employees to understand that what the management want from them. Further, the importance of effective communication in an organization is discussed below: Motivation and trust: the process of communication increases the trust of employees in the working of the organization. As the process of communication clarifies the issues caused by the management and resolve them with full solidarity due to which the employees gain trust on the activities of the management. Also, it increases the motivation level of employees in the organization, with the aid of this process the employees get more interested into the activities of the organization which makes them more committed towards the activities of the organization. Due to this process, they work more effectively and effectively in the organization (Mackay 2013). Controlling: controlling is one of the important aspects will help ACMA initiate control in the organization. It shall be noted that as communication helps the employees and managers of the organization to contact with each other, due to which a relation is maintained in the organization. Apart from that the manager also easily gets to know about the activities which are implemented and needs to be implemented in the organization, resulting in which control is initiated in an effective manner (Saks, and Gruman 2014). Communication process builds a channel in the organization from which the information is supplied in the organization. Talking about the organization ACMA it shall be noted that as the business is aiming to expand so they need to first remove the barriers which are hindering the growth of the company. For that good communication the company, as with the aid of communication, all the necessary change in policies and programs are informed by the employees due to which confusion and issues of the organization. Resulting efficiency in workplace is implemented (Gruman, and Saks 2011). Also, it shall be noted that communication helps the organization in the process of recruitment and selection as well. If communication in ACMA is efficient the all employees will get satisfied with the services which the organization provides in the management. Due to which they will initiate goodwill of the company in the target market, this goodwill will attract many candidates in the organization as they will get motivated to work with the organization due to the satisfaction level of existing employee. Resulting to which the growth will gradually initiate in the organization (Chamorro-Premuzic 2013). Clarity: clarity is one of the aspects which help the employees to work effectively in the organization and it helps the managers to initiate adequate decision in the organization as well. Confusion in the workplace can create negativity due to which employee might feel demotivated and lose their concentration as well. Thus, it is known that clarity of task is an important aspect of the organization. So, if there is adequate flow of communication in the organization then the staff will encourage themselves to work more and create a positive atmosphere in the organization. Also, communication tools help the employees to get involved in the activities of the organization. like in the organization ACMA they management wants to diversify their business in the international and domestic market, due to which the management needs communicate properly with the expatriate so that they do not feel isolated and leave the job. Thus effective communication helps in retaining the employees as well (Cappelli, and Tavis 2016). The Aristotle model shall be taken into consideration while looking at the communication framework of the organization, this model states that speaker is the person who plays the key role in the process of communication in the organization. The speaker takes the charge to initiate communication in the organization. Further, the role of the audience in this model is passive. In this method, the speaker prepares the speech which they want to give to the audience. Further, the speech is delivered to the audience on the basis of which they react in the organization. This method shall hold validity vice versa as well. As in the organization ACMA, the manager shall circulate the rules and regulation to the employees collectively in the organization (Riordan 2014). And the employees after that shall apply the same in their activities, the managers shall look after the effect generated through their speech and in case if the employees have some confusion regarding the speech provided by the manager, then shall directly contact to the manager to solve the issue. Later, the manager shall act according to the suggestion given by the employees in the organization. Recommendations to management As discussed above it shall be noted that enhancing internal communication is the most important aspect which helps the organization and gain more competence. Thus, for the same purpose, the following recommendations are provided to ACMA management in order to resolve their issues which are barring the growth of the organization. Circulation of simple and clear message in the workplace: the message provided in the workplace through the manager shall be circulated to all the employees of the organization. Also, the manager shall take this fact in accounts that simple and clear message will be more understandable o the employee on large scale. This will also reduce confusion and issues among employees as well. Summarizing, the message shall be simple but it shall hold a deep meaning, this process also helps in introducing new and efficient strategies for the organization. Strategies in the organization will initiate itself only when it is understandable by all, so for that, the message needs to be simple and deep (Neilson, Pasternack, and Van Nuys 2005). Build behavior based on market and customer insights: for the employees to make them understand the strategies in a better way, the management shall build their behavior according to the market features. They shall build internal campaigns based on the market and customers perceptions. The managers shall package their content and provide it to the employees on a larger basis like, firstly the manager shall expose themselves and then provide easy to implement format to the employee along with an action plan which they shall lad and subordinates shall follow (Rosenbaum 2017). Inspire, educate and reinforce: these are the three aspects with the help of which management can be improved in an organization. The line manager shall act as a leader of the organization and shall motive the employee to work better. He shall inspire them with his leadership skills and activities that the team gets self-motivated to complete the targets. Apart from that, they shall also convey the message that inspires the employees in a positive way, this will give positive out to the organization on the part of employees (Bratu, and Miricescu 2017). Also once if the team is motivated and inspired to work better, then they only need the education and skills to complete the task. For this purpose, the manager shall aim to effectively teach the employees regarding task which is to doe done. The leader shall lead the path and he shall insist the members follow him so that they can achieve the defined goal. The leadership trait of the manager will help them to initiate communication in the organizational culture. Also, the manager shall aim to provide dialogue rather than monologue and he shall be connected to his team all the time. This will acknowledge him with the issues which the team members face and hesitate to discuss. With adequate education and motivation, the target won't be fulfilled easily, for that purpose the management needs to repeat the message again and again. With this process, the employee will get stick to the strategy and complete the task. Such reinforcing messages shall be circulated by the management to increase communication leading to the fulfillment of strategic goals (Holmes, and Stubbe 2015). Finding out deviations: the management shall aim to find out the deviations which are harassing the growth of the organization in global competitive index. It is seen that the organization ACMA initiates their business activities in both international and domestic market. So the management needs to find out the deviation due to which the organization is unable to grow in the market and then initiate activities accordingly in the internal management. So they shall firstly look at the issue from external perspective and then initiate activities in the internal management according to the survey done in the market (Keyton, et. al., 2013). Clear definitions of what needs to be communicated and by whom: the management of the organization shall carefully undertake this aspect in their practice. Under this process, the manager shall map a way with communication process shall be executed in the organization. He shall define the job of each and every employee present in the organization and all employees shall work according to their duties only. The manager shall decide to whom the employees are accountable and what are their responsibilities and who whom they shall report in case of disputes. This will initiate proper flow of formal communication in the organization. Apart from formal communication, they shall try to initiate informal communication for better coordination of work. Information communication to an extent helps the organization to initiate teamwork qualities and achieve the target (Becker-Olsen, and Guzmn 2017). Thus, these are the recommendation which shall be followed by the line manager in order to expand their business in both domestic and international market. Conclusion Thus, in the limelight of above-mentioned events, the facts that shall be noted is that ACMA organization is aiming to expand their business in the domestic and international market due to staff issues, resulting to which it was found that if the organization will initiate proper communication then they can grow efficiently. For this purpose, the above-mentioned task defines the framework of communication which includes its importance and model to guide the organization. Lastly, recommendations are given to the manager with the help of which they can work effectively. References Becker-Olsen, K. and Guzmn, F., 2017. Corporate Social Responsibility Communication in North America: The Past, Present and Future. InHandbook of Integrated CSR Communication(pp. 293-315). Springer International Publishing. Bratu, M.L. and Miricescu, D., 2017. Study on heredity value in communication skills, for improving individual performance in the workplace. In MATEC Web of Conferences (Vol. 121, p. 07002). EDP Sciences. Cappelli, P. and Tavis, A. 2016. The Performance Management Revolution. Harward Business Review, pp. 1-11 Chamorro-Premuzic, T. 2013. If You Want to Change, Dont Read This. HBR Blog Network, pp. 1-2 Champoux, J.E., 2003. Organizational Behavior: essential tenants. Thomson Learnings. Gruman, J.A and Saks, A.M. 2011. Performance management and employee engagement. Human Resource Management Review, 21, pp. 123-136. Hage, J. and Posner, B.Z., 2015. Religion, religiosity, and leadership practices: an examination in the lebanese workplace. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 36(4), pp.396-412. Holmes, J. and Stubbe, M., 2015. Power and politeness in the workplace: A sociolinguistic analysis of talk at work. Routledge. Keyton, J., Caputo, J.M., Ford, E.A., Fu, R., Leibowitz, S.A., Liu, T., Polasik, S.S., Ghosh, P. and Wu, C., 2013. Investigating verbal workplace communication behaviors.The Journal of Business Communication (1973),50(2), pp.152-169. Kouzes, J.M. and Posner, B.Z., 2014. The student leadership challenge: Five practices for becoming an exemplary leader. John Wiley Sons. Mackay, H., 2013. Why don't people listen?. Macmillan Publishers Aus.. Neilson, G. L., Pasternack, B. A. and Van Nuys, K. E. 2005. The Passive Aggressive Organization, Harvard Business Review. Osborne, S. and Hammoud, M.S., 2017. Effective Employee Engagement in the Workplace. International Journal of Applied Management and Technology, 16(1), p.4. Riordan, C. M. 2014. Three Ways Leaders Can Listen with More Empathy. HBR Blog Network, pp. 1-2 Rosenbaum, M.E., 2017. Dis-integration of communication in healthcare education: Workplace learning challenges and opportunities. Patient Education and Counseling. Saks, A.M. and Gruman, J.A., 2014. What do we really know about employee engagement?. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 25(2), pp.155-182.